Hot‑Finished Titanium Tubes start with a billet heated to somewhere between 850°C and 950°C. At that temperature titanium softens up enough to be extruded or pierced into a hollow shell. Because the metal is above its recrystallization point the whole time, internal stresses don’t accumulate. What you get is a tube with a coarse, relaxed grain structure and a surface covered in a layer of dark oxide scale. remove that scale with a quick pickle bath, but the surface never looks as pretty as cold‑finished product. Dimensional control is also looser—wall thickness usually varies by about ±10%. That’s perfectly fine for heavy‑wall titanium pipes carrying corrosive chemicals or seawater where the priority is pressure containment and cost per meter. Hot-extruded seamless handles heavier walls and larger diameters, often specified for structural components and high-pressure industrial piping.

Cold‑Finished Titanium Tubes go a step further. We take that hot‑finished hollow, let it cool, and then run it through a pilger mill or a draw bench at room temperature. Here’s where things get expensive but precise. The cold work elongates and hardens the grains. Then anneal it in a vacuum furnace to restore ductility—and repeat the cycle as many times as the final wall thickness demands. A 6mm tube with a 0.5mm wall typically needs three cold‑rolling passes with two intermediate anneals. Tolerances down to ±0.05mm, a smooth bright surface, and higher tensile strength. Cold drawing processes can achieve superior surface finish, smaller tolerances, and better mechanical properties.